MALE INFERTILITY.
                                             

There are number of factors which could  be responsible for male infertility but in almost half the number of patients no cause will be found for low semen report.

Non Endocrine Effects :-

• Nutrition = Protein , Vitamin E & B Complex deficiency.
• Smoking  = Significant abnormal  decreased motility in sperm counts have been found in smokers as opposed to non smokers.
• Alcohol =   Decreased sperm production has been demonstrated in chronic alcoholism.
• Heat      =   Excess heat is one of the common well accepted element known to adversely  known to adversely affect spermatogenesis.
  Men whose occupation involves long hours of sitting e.g. Taxi driver, Truck driver , travelling salesmen, bussiness executives may develop excess Scrotal heat & show impaired spermatogenesis.

Endocrime causes = These causes are rare are are present in approximately 20 % of all infertile men These are tumor or cryst or destruction of pituitary tissue, thyroid deficiency, congenital adrnal hyperplasyia, hyperprolactinemia.

Genetic causes :- True hermaphroditism, gonadal dysgenesis ,  klinefelter syndrom.

Varicocele : 

Infective Pathology:- e.g. in  Viral orchitis , gonococcal & tuberculous infection, prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis.

Metabolic Disorder :- e.g. Diabetes. 

Block :- Any obstruction in the passage of sperms gives rise to infertility.

Testicular Causes :- e.g. Sertoli cell only syndrome.

Immunological Causes :- 
Physical & Chemical agents :-   Spermato genisis can be affected by chemotherapy, anti-depressant,   anti-malarial, anti- hypertensive medication.